European Union Essay Research Paper The Delegation free essay sample

European Union Essay, Research Paper The Delegation of Trade Authority in the EU Even though, for the past several decennaries, member provinces of the European Union ( EU ) have been derelict with their power to move as independent participants in international trade dialogues, they have late begun to recapture some of their lost trade sovereignty. ( Kennett 1996 ) Neither the European Court of Justice 1994? s sentiment, nor the 1997 formal reform of trade policy procedure at Amsterdam delegated full negociating power to the Commission over the alleged, new trade issues of services and rational belongings. Alternatively the member provinces accepted a intercrossed signifier of decision-making to enable impromptu, instead than a structural, per Se, deputation of legal power. As such, this shows a displacement in the sensed tradeoff between economic involvements and ideological bias on the portion of cardinal member provinces. The inquiry now arises as to who speaks for Europe? History has shown that there has been a crisp difference between political and economic kingdoms in respect to Europe. We will write a custom essay sample on European Union Essay Research Paper The Delegation or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In footings of international political relations, member provinces speak for themselves. Yet, in contrast to the international political scene, international trade in the European Community was granted sole competency. ( Weiler 1991 ) Whether it is through bilateral, regional or many-sided trade dialogues, Europe communally speaks with one voice and more significantly negotiates through one agent, that being the European Commission. It seems as though the? individual voice? sing trade policy is more important now, more than of all time, for Europe. The terminal of the cold war accelerated the displacement of the focal point of competition from security to economics. Economic competition on a planetary graduated table is non based on market kineticss, but on the capacity of the provinces to use their ain markets as effectual negotiating pieces in planetary trade wars. Meanwhile, trade affairs are going more political with the blurring of foreign policy and commercial tools in the mode of diplomatic negotiations. The new trade docket touches upon the countries that are portion of the domestic societal cloth and they so therefore are most sensitive to external intervention. As the longest and deepest incorporate policy in the EU, external trade composes a critical trial for the at hand argument over the allotment of power between the centre and the provinces. The thought of? common voice? , ? common involvement? and? common fate? are in and of themselves linked. Therefore, whether a policy entity can project congruousness of purpose externally is a cardinal trial of the grade of integrating between its constituting elements. ( Denza 1996 ) Above all, the argument over trade authorization has been a contemplation and a trial of a larger ideological conflict over European integrating. The member provinces? place over this issue has been a map of both their distinguishable trade involvements and their ideological leanings sing sovereignty transportations. The weight between these two motives has shifted in the past decennary, for both structural and conjunctural grounds. This has reflected itself in a displacement between economic and sovereignty concerns over the old ages. Since the sign language of the Treaty of Rome, European integrating has systematically been that of progressive expansionism of over an even broader scope of policy countries, from research and development to the environment to the Single European Act in 1986 to the Maastricht Treaty in 1991. However, most of these countries have non been to the full transferred to the degree of the EC. Conversely, a few policies have been under Community amenableness from the beginning. When it came to merchandise, the Treaty of Rome was a radical papers. It non merely contained wide injunctions for accomplishing free trade internally, but it besides granted the new supranational entity an external personality with the authorization to lucubrate, negotiate and implement all facets of trade dealingss with the remainder of the universe. ( Devuyst 1995 ) In pattern though this was done through the constitution of a common commercial policy based upon three rules. A common external tarrif, common trade understandings with 3rd states and the unvarying application of trade instruments across member provinces, made up these three rules. Due to two cardinal principles the founding member provinces began to depute trade on a corporate degree. First, the history of trade policy in advanced industrial democracies, like the United States, showed that such deputation helped insulate the policy-making procedure from domestic force per unit areas, which in bend promoted a more bro ad international trade order. The 2nd principle was, a individual voice in trade policy was expected to ease the decision of trade understandings with 3rd states and increase external influence. Until the Amsterdam Summit the Treaty of Rome? s original diction, which granted the Community sole competency in trade policy, remained unchanged. ( Devuyst 1992 ) The commissariats finding the trade policy-making procedure delegated authorization from the single provinces and their parliaments to the assembly of European provinces, moving jointly through the Council of Ministers. This attack can be understood in classical principal-agent footings, where the member provinces, as principals, have delegated their authorization to reason trade understandings to the European Community, moving as the agent. ( Pollack 1995 ) It is evident through this attack that the member states represent the ultimate authorization. The behavior of trade policy in pattern reveals a 2nd degree of deputation. In this case the principal was the Council of Ministers, to the agents, which is the European Commission. The Commission so proceeds to lucubrate proposals for the induction and content of international trade dialogues. The Committee, which is made up of senior civil retainers and trade experts from other provinces every bit good as Commission representatives, examines and amends Commission proposals on a consensual footing, before conveying them to the Committee of Permanent Representatives ( COREPER ) . These proposals later make their manner to the General Affairs Council, which in bend custodies out a negociating authorization to the Commission. In theory the authorization is agreed upon on a qualified bulk footing. Though, in pattern, member provinces have ever managed to make consensus on a common text at this phase of the procedure, much like most other policy devising in the EU. Commission functionari es, which represent the EU under the authorization of the Commissioner in charge of external economic personal businesss conduct international trade dialogues, within the bounds set by the Council? s authorization. Member provinces are allowed to detect but non talk in GATT plenary Sessionss. At the decision of the dialogues, the Council approves or rejects the trade understanding. The European Parliament has small say in this procedure ; it is informed on an informal footing and is consulted upon by before confirmation. There are two built-in inquiries which emerge from this deputation of authorization, foremost, how much control does each province retain over trade policy and how much control do the member provinces, as a collective, retain over its behavior by the Commission. In respect to the original inquiry of who speaks for Europe, there need non be an premise that the reply is unambiguously linked to the proficient issue of competency. In footings of competency, we refer to mandate, representation and confirmation. There must be a differentiation between four phases in the dialogue of international understandings: ( 1 ) the design of a negotiating authorization ; ( 2 ) representation of parties during dialogues ; ( 3 ) confirmation of the understanding one time negotiated ; ( 4 ) execution and enforcement of the understanding once it has been brought into force. Whether the Community is perceived to talk with? one voice? , as stated before, is most relevant during the negotiating but is besides affected by shared outlooks about the confirmation phase. During the two decennaries following the Treaty of Rome, the Commission successfully negotiated on behalf of its members two major trade unit of ammunitions under GATT, every bit good as infinite bilateral trade understandings. ( Devuyst 1995 ) When the new issues, such as rational belongings, crawl up into the international trade docket in the? 80? s, the foundations of the Community? s trade competency began to acquire questioned. Due to the enlargement of the universe trade docket onto policies traditionally non considered at the? boundary line? , but instead, ? inside the province? , forced an expressed internal EU argument on the issue of competency. Additionally, the Uruguay unit of ammunition was designed to present new issues to manus, such as rational belongings and trade related investing steps including services. These services ranged from the telecommunication substructure to professional accreditation and banking, these countries which had in the past fallen under domest ic legal power and where concerns about outwardnesss, consumer protection and the public goods were by and large more acute than for trade in goods. Therefore, the issue of trade deputation came to be framed as follows, who, of the member provinces or Commission, was responsible for negociating these new issues depended on one? s reading of the term trade policy, which was used in the Treaty of Rome. A political via media seemed necessary, the Ministeral declaration establishing the Uruguay Round at Punta del Este in 1986 was approved both by the Council and by member authoritiess, proroguing the inquiry of competency until the terminal of the unit of ammunition. ( Arnall 1996 ) Regardless of what the result was to be, the fact remained that there would be integrity of representation throughout the dialogues. The impermanent deputation trade did non travel swimmingly throughout the unit of ammunition. The long-standing difference over competency crystallized over the EC-US? Blair House Agreement? on agribusiness, negotiated by an independent Commission in 1992 after many old ages of dead end. Yet, one time the US negotiants leaked inside informations of the understanding, France declared its absolute resistance and in bend rallied the support of several other provinces including, Germany. The Gallic Prime Minister vowed to contend non merely the content of the understanding but the institutional conditions under which it had been reached. In add-on, the Prime Minister told the EU Commission in 1993 that they do non swear Britian, and that the British function was that of retainer to the Council. Although, after much negotiating, diplomatic negotiations and hard exchanges, the understanding was renegotiated with grants to France? s place. Nonetheless, the Blair House crisis represented som ething of much more significance ; it represented a turning point in the deputation of dialogue of authorization to supranational representatives. The following issue sing the Round was debate amongst member provinces as to whether or non they should subscribe the Final Act separately or allow the Commission do it on their behalf. They finally came up with an EU Compromise ; whereby, Greece, the Council President and External Trade Commissioner Leon Brittian, signed the Act in 1994 on behalf of the Community, while representatives of each member province signed in the name of their several authoritiess. In a assorted batch kind of manner the single member provinces asserted their competency symbolically, while non necessitating parliamentary confirmation. Additionally, one of the Uruguay Round? s results was the formal arrangement of GATT under the umbrella of the so new World Trade Organization ( WTO ) . The inquiry of rank so caused an ineluctable legal challenge for the EC, even though the remainder of the universe left it up to the Europeans to make up ones mind how it would be settled. The EC neer officially substituted the member provinces in GATT, whose creative activity proceeded the creative activity of the Community. Since the GATT was merely a proverbial understanding with signers but no members, because the inquiry of rank had neer arisen. ( Denza, 1996 ) Therefore, for all purposes and purposes the EC, represented by the Commission, had been accepted by the other GATT spouses as one of them. More so though is the fact that officially replacing the provinces by the EC would hold a cost, since the single vote rights of the member provinces in GATT would give manner to a more radical, individual ballot. The creative activity of the WTO, with a broader trade docket than GATT, forced the issue of trade authorization to the head. ( Devuyst 1995 ) Several of the member provinces were loath to give up full subdivisions of their trade policy ; they insisted on being granted their ain single competences, with regard to the new issues of rational belongings and the such, reasoning that these were non covered under the original Treaty of Rome. The bottom line remains that these member provinces picked their sides sing the competency argument as a map of their personal penchants on the lines of two dimensions- economic and ideological penchants. Sing the economic forepart, greater fight in these new countries called for broad trade policies, which, in bend, seemed best served by a Community sole trade competency, while on the ideological forepart, a state? s place is determined by a combination of its overall attitude towards deputation of sovereignty at the EU degree, and by its grade of trust in the Commission. If, a provinces penchants are aligned likewise along both dimensions it is easy to foretell its side in the argument over competency. A province that is both uncompetitive and sovereignty-conscious will choose for limitation of the Community? s external trade competency, and frailty versa. If a provinces penchants contradict each other along these two dimensions, so its side in the competency argument will be deter mined by their comparative weight. Member provinces who are opposed to sole competency autumn under three wide classs. It is just to state that France was at the helm of the sovereignty cantonment for ideological grounds, attributed to the fact of its strong support for aggressive liberalisation during the Round and its high fight when it came to services. Similarly, it is difficult to understand why England joined this sovereignty cantonment for grounds other than the ideological. Britian had traditionally been one of the most broad provinces in the EU, frequently combating against other states veto? s when it came to liberalisation, particularly in the industries of fiscal and telecommunication services. Germany on the other manus tantrums into the 2nd class of provinces falling into the anti-exclusive competency degree Celsius A for both economic and ideological grounds. More than any other EU province Germany? s regulators were extremely protective of their powers. As good, during the? 90? s the trade ministry had non been converted to the free trade Gospel in the country of telecommunications and banking. Ironically enough these are countries which had non been liberalized yet internally and did non look competitory internationally. Nonetheless Germany was accommodating to alterations in the universe economic system with increasing competitory service industries. Therefore, it was above all else on ideological evidences that Germany was defying transportation of sovereignty. Finally, there were those states which were motivated by sectored concerns. Portgual, for case opposed the Commision because of its handling of fabric issues during the Uruguay Round. On the other side of the spectrum, irrespectively of their economic fight in services, states such as Italy, Belgium and Ireland, with traditional pro-integration stances, backed the Commission fixedly. These states recognized that without the negociating umbrella of the whole Community, they would ever be at the clemency of the EU? s large trade spouses

Parables of the Kingdom Essays

Parables of the Kingdom Essays Parables of the Kingdom Paper Parables of the Kingdom Paper Essay Topic: Doubt a Parable Parable Of the Sower Religion Marks Gospel is a synoptic gospel, meaning it is very similar to those of Luke and Matthew. It is believed to be having been written during a period when Christians were being persecuted at the hands of the Romans which obviously coloured the message it contained and it is also believed to be the earliest gospel written this gives the impression of it being a fairly accurate record of what happened. Marks main objective was to show that Jesus was the Messiah, and this is why he chooses to focus on the last three years of Jesus life. One of the main teaching points from Marks Gospel is the Kingdom of God; what Jesus meant by this term and how one could become a part of the Kingdom of God. The idea of a K.o.G. was not new; indeed, many Jews had their own impression of what the K.o.G. entailed. To those who lived by the rules of God they were already a part of the Kingdom. But the term was also seen as a reward to these devoted followers a future concept; heaven, and an eternal life. Marks Gospel begins with a key point in Jesus life his Baptism. Unlike the Jewish ceremony of repentance, Jesus Baptism is accompanied by many signs a dove, the heavens opening, and words from God himself; You are my own dear son. I am pleased with you. Ch. 1 V. 11 Mark realises the importance of this event and see it as a perfect time to announce the K.o.G. is here, after his Baptism Jesus declares; The right time has come, and the Kingdom of God is near! Turn away from your sins and believe the good news! Ch. 1 V. 15 Jesus taught in a way no other preacher did, and inevitably, caused quite a stir. He used short stories with hidden meanings called parables and allegories. By carefully studying each parable individually, we can discover what they teach us about the Kingdom of God. His followers enjoyed listening to the stories which answered their questions about faith and God. The first parable in Marks Gospel is the Parable of the Sower, Ch. 4 V. 1-9. The Sower (Jesus) spread his seeds as he sowed, just as Jesus offered the K.o.G. to everyone. The seeds that fell onto the path did not grow these seeds represent the people who choose not to listen. The seeds which fell onto the rocky ground sprouted, but the little soil meant that they soon dried up in the hot sun. These seeds represent those who listen, but the message does not sink in, and is soon forgotten. A few seeds fall among a patch of thorny bushes; these seeds grow too, but are choked by the brambles as they start to grow tall. These people listen and follow, but the pressures of life build and they soon realise they have no time for God. But there are many other people like the seeds which fall onto good soil, grow tall and bear fruit who hear Jesus words and act upon them. These people bring God fully into their lives, undoubtedly, some more than others. This parable shows how the Kingdom of God is available to everyone, as long as they are prepared to respond in an appropriate way to Jesus teachings. The Parable of the Lamp under a Bowl, Ch. 4 V. 21-23, has a shorter, and simpler, meaning. Jesus questions his audience; Does anyone ever bring in a lamp and put it under a bowl or under the bed? Doesnt he put it on the lamp stand? Ch. 4 V.21 His message; dont hide your faith. Do as the lamp does, spread light, spread your faith. The Parable of the Measure, Ch. 4 V. 24-25, isnt so much a parable, more of a direct teaching point. Jesus explains; Pay attention to what you hear! The same rules you use to judge others will be used by God to judge you but with even greater severity. Ch. 1 V. 24 He is basically saying treat as you wish to be treated, or suffer the consequences of a harsh judgement by God. The Parable of the Growing Seed, Ch. 4 V. 26-29, has a slightly deeper meaning than the previous two parables. Jesus explains how a farmer scatters seed in his field, then as he sleeps, works and goes about his day, all the while the seed is sprouting and growing he cant explain it, it just happens. As does human faith, nobody knows how, or even why faith develops. It cant be forced on people, but can be helped by being an active part of the church community. Just as some seeds grow, others dont. Jesus can preach, but there is no guarantee listeners will develop faith. The final parable of Ch. 4 attempts to explain what the K.o.G. is like. The Parable of the Mustard Seed, Ch. 4 V. 30-34, likens the K.o.G. to mustard seed, the smallest seeds in the world, which has been planted in the ground. After a while, the smallest seed grows into the largest plant, offering comfort and shelter so that birds may come and make nests. The one seed represents Jesus, and the tree that from this seed, Christian faith. Just as the tree gives shelter, so does the community of believers; the Church. Having looked at the parables and the messages they give we need to recognise that there is a difference between a short simple story parable which gives a single teaching point about the Kingdom of God, and the much more involved example of the allegory. The Tenants in the Vineyard is an allegory from Marks Gospel. A man plants a vineyard and lets it out to tenants. When the time came to gather the grapes, he sent a slave to gather his share of the crop from the tenants. But the tenants seized the slave, beat him and sent him home with nothing. The owner sends another 2 slaves but they fail to return, so he sends his own son, sure they will respect his son. But the tenants seize his son too, and kill him. Then the owner of the vineyard goes along to see why his people arent returning. He sees what has happened, kills the tenants and hands the vineyard over to others. The owner of the vineyard represents God, and the vineyard, Israel. The slaves sent by the owner represent the previous Kings and Prophets sent by God. The tenants represent Jewish Leaders and the owners son represents Jesus, and his crucifixion is represented by the tenants killing him. The owner handing over the vineyard to others shows us God made the Kingdom of God available to everyone, including gentiles. This is really making a comment about the relationship between God and the Jews. Every point/stage of the story has a point of comparison to the real life experience of the Jews in rejecting Jesus they have turned their backs on God so the final message is that the word will now be preached to everyone and all who respond will be able to enter the Kingdom of God. We now need to consider why Jesus taught in this style. There are a few simple reasons the stories are easy to listen to and easy to remember, as well as being related to their everyday lives (seeds, lamps, etc.). Those listeners who were thinkers could read deeper into the stories; work out more meaning from some of the messages. This form of teaching worked on my levels. Also, parables could be directed at individuals, such as Jewish Leaders, Pharisees, etc. We know the Jewish leaders reacted angrily to his teaching and made plans to kill him they obviously understood the message. This earth will never be Gods Kingdom. Do you agree? Give reasons for your opinion showing that you have considered another point of view. Your answer should refer to Marks Gospel. To bring this discussion up to date, we need to consider whether there is any evidence showing us Jesus teaching was acted upon and if it has had any effect on the world we live in. It is probably easier to take into consideration all of the bad things in the world today, and use these examples to say that pain, suffering, greed and wanton destruction is all around us and that there is little evidence that we are part of Gods Kingdom. One example, we can look at is the World Wide Drug Culture. Everyday, people are making à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½millions through the import and export of illegal drugs and narcotics. The people involved range from highly dangerous, narco-terrorist groups to well educated, new age businessmen and people who are out to make easy money. These substances are then sold on street corners and in back alleys, either for recreational use, or to feed an addiction. All of this corrupt behaviour leads us to question the possibility of Gods Kingdom on earth. Even more so, when we take into account the growing lack of respect for human life, evident when we look through this mornings newspaper, and read of Americas latest worry; the Washington Sniper. So far, a skilled shooter has taken the lives of seven innocent civilians including that of a teenage boy each with a single, silenced bullet shot from long distance. All attacks are believed to have unprovoked; evidence of ruthless terrorism sweeping the globe. Despite the large amount of evidence supporting the darker side of life, there is plenty of good in the world, and because of this we have faith. We need to remember that throughout the parables in particular the Sower, the seed growing secretly, etc. we are told that the kingdom is available and it is up to us to make the appropriate response. The incidents looked at which seem to indicate that there is no evidence of the kingdom here on earth could simply be the actions of those who fail to respond to Gods message. For example, churches still flourish and new ones are being built everyday due to the demand for them alongside new developments such as housing estates, etc. People want a place to worship and a place to provide a focal point from which to develop their work within the local, and wider, communities the mustard seed continues to grow, spreading its branches across the world in acts of love and kindness and establishing the Kingdom. Despite all negative behaviour; peop le still have faith, and still follow God. Many people take part in voluntary work whether it involves something as simple as helping out at their local charity shop, or for the more adventurous, travelling to a Third World country and working, either with the sick or helping to deliver food/nourishment, etc. Such people who involve themselves in this type of work could be seen to be following the instructions given in A Lamp under a Bowl to be seen as Christians; spreading the light of faith. Todays world can be seen to be not too far removed from the world in which Jesus first preached the Kingdom. All are still called to respond to his message but only some respond, and then to varying degrees. Those who do respond must accept the responsibility to continue establishing the Kingdom and allow it flourish here on earth.

Intercultural conflict Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Intercultural conflict - Essay Example He took it as if I was ridiculing a practice he deems acceptable and logical. He asked, â€Å"What did you gain from such comment?† I was caught off-guard, and failed to see the root cause immediately. He also said that I got annoyed because I realized that there are so many immigrants in my country already. I was shocked because that topic was over a week ago already. He also said I was just against their practices and beliefs. My friend received the meta-message of what was supposed to be a casual and innocent remark negatively. Here, it is obvious that the individual differences between the sender and the receiver of the message affect how the meta-message (underlying meaning of the message) is interpreted. The conflict had micro, meso, and macro dimensions of conflict (Sorrells 182). The micro dimension is the difference in the ways we were raised. He failed to see the lightness in my comment because he is not used to careless remarks. He was brought up in a serious manner, while I grew up in a very open and light-hearted family circle. There are even times when he takes jokes seriously, because he does not know that it was supposed to be a joke. The meso dimension is his linking himself to immigrants. It seems like he sees Americans as coming from a different group, and that immigrants will always be outsiders. Interestingly, that is how he thinks Americans think of them. The macro dimension is the differences in our religions. My friend sees the Islamic garb as something important and logical, and he took offense on how lightly and jokingly I referred to it. It is insensitivity on my part, though, not to have considered this. While there may be three dimensions present in this intercultural conflict, the solution, basically, is in the careful sending and interpretation of the meta-messages in every communication. Being careful means not letting assumptions hinder one from seeing what the sender of the message is

The influence of women's wear on American fashion and design Research Paper

The influence of women's wear on American fashion and design - Research Paper Example Donna Karan and her influence- Donna Karan’s influence was especially manifested in the sportswear designs, which came to prominence in the American fashion and design industry during the latter years of the 20th century. Other women’s wear influencers - These include Claire McCardell, Bonnie Cashen, Tina Lesser, Clare Potter, Tina Lesser as well as Emily Wilkins. These women and others are explored and the role they played in setting free the American fashion design from the strongholds of the Parisian design, with a new standards of designs, for example corsets and new girdle designs. Women’s wear has dominated the American fashion and design for a long time, and the influence they have is an important subject that designers should embrace and understand well. The American fashion industry is awash with big names from Clare McCardell to Donna Karan, among others, iconic fashion designers who have left a big mark to the industry in not just the American but also the International sphere. The following paper is an assessment of ways through which women’s wear has influenced American fashion and design. The paper will explore the following three influencing factors. Firstly, the works of Claire McCardell and their influence to the American fashion and design industry are explored. The influential work of Donna Karan is also examined. The other influences examined in detail are the influences of various women’s wear during the 1920s and the 1930s, a period when the works of big names at this time made an indelible mark to the American fashion ind ustry as well. The influence of Claire McCardell to the American fashion and design is immense. Together with other women, for example Elizabeth Hawkes, Vera Maxell and Bonnie Cashin, McCardell is recognized as one of the major icons of American fashion. Claire McCardell was a rising star during the 1930s, and Buxbaum writes of her influence

Workforce diversity and HR Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Workforce diversity and HR - Coursework Example An overview of LOCOG indicates that it is a temporary organization established in 2005 for the ultimate aim of delivering the most challenging international project to the standards required by the International Olympic Committee through the defined time frame culminating on the 27th of July, 2012. Due to the disclosed need to live up to the worldwide expectations associated with the global brand of the Olympics, as host organization, LOCOG is expected to present a compendium detailing the importance of managing workforce diversity. Likewise, as HR Manager of LOCOG, one is tasked with presenting ways by which HR can significantly contribute towards the organization’s broader objective of diversity. Therefore, the current discourse used three specifically identified articles written by Shen, Chanda, D’Netto, and Monga (2009); McCuiston, Wooldrige, and Pierce (2004); as well as Mannix and Neale (2005) to present the crucial information supporting the need to manage divers ity at LOCOG and to identify specific means by which HR can contribute towards the organization’s broader objective of adhering and complying with maintaining a diversified workforce. The compendium would initially present a brief definition of terms, specifically on ‘diversity† as seen from various authors’ perspectives. Then, the importance of workforce diversity would be expounded; prior to delving into HR’s contribution to LOCOG’s diversity goals. Definition of Terms To ensure that LOCOG’s management would be accurately informed on the crucial concepts, theories and applications on workforce diversity, it is pertinent that a definition of the term ‘diversity’ be presented and expounded. According to Mannix and Neale (2005), the authors agreed on using the definition cited by Williams and O’Reilly (1998), to wit: â€Å"any attribute that another person may use to detect individual differences’’ (p. 81). On the other hand, Shen, Chanda, D’Netto and Monga (2009) emphasized clearly that â€Å"workforce diversity acknowledges the reality that people differ in many ways, visible or invisible, mainly age, gender, marital status, social status, disability, sexual orientation, religion, personality, ethnicity and culture (Kossek, Lobel and Brown 2005)† (p. 235). Diversity therefore manifests and accepts disparities in cultural orientation seen to be a crucial factor in the successful performance of various contemporary organizations. In the situation of LOCOG, since the organization would be directly and closely involved in interacting and governing peoples all over the world, it is imperative that managing diversity within their workforce would embody the organization’s ideals and philosophies and form an integral part of their value system. Importance of Workforce Diversity The importance in managing workforce diversity has been greatly illumined by Shen, et.al. (2009) as it focuses not so much on â€Å"accepting that individuals are different but creating an atmosphere of inclusion and making a commitment to valuing diversity† (p. 236). From a review of related literature, Shen, et.al. (2009) cited the following benefits and advantages of supporting a diverse workforce, as summarized below: Provides opportunities of improving the quality of decision making through innovative ideas and offering superior solutions to problems (Australian Centre for International Business (ACIB), 2000; Mannix and Neale 2005). Provides a â€Å"better-quality solution to brainstorming tasks, displays more cooperative behavior, relative to homogenous groups, and can raise organizational efficiency, effectiveness and profitability†

Are Nursing Homes Beneficial?

Are Nursing Homes Beneficial? Cameron Bond   Specific goal: To persuade families why nursing homes are beneficial Introduction: Question: Why do you think nursing homes beneficial?[PC2] Today what I will be talking about is: What are nursing homes? What are the benefits of nursing homes? How can families pay for their loved ones nursing home stay?[PC3] Thesis Statement: [PC4]Nursing homes put more emphasis on rehabilitating residents and getting them back into the community. Nevertheless, there is a growing tendency to make some Nursing Home more homelike. Body: What are nursing homes? According to Medline Plus, a nursing home is a place for people who dont need to be in a hospital but cant be cared for at home. Most nursing homes have nursing aides and skilled nurses on hand 24 hours a day.[PC5] Some nursing homes are set up like a hospital. The staff provides medical care, as well as physical, speech and occupational therapy. There might be a nurses station on each floor. Other nursing homes try to be more like home. They try to have a neighborhood feel. Often, they dont have a fixed day-to-day schedule, and kitchens [PC6]might be open to residents. Staff members are encouraged to develop relationships with residents. Some nursing homes have special care units for people with serious memory problems such as Alzheimers disease. Some will let couples live together. Nursing homes are not only for the elderly, but for anyone who requires 24-hour care. What are the benefits of nursing homes? Assistance with daily task Nursing homes help residents with daily activities such as bathing, dressing, eating, drinking, using the restroom, and administering medicine.[PC7] Typical daily task can become increasingly difficult with old age.[PC8] Social environment Residing in a nursing home facility provides seniors with a built-in social network of peers.[PC9] a) Senior residents can enjoy the company of others who are living in the same facility and share their experiences. Many facilities offer organized social events open for participation for all residents. Many senior citizens suffer from depression due to feeling of isolation from living alone and not having access to social outlets. House keeping The nursing home staff will take care of laundry and general cleaning in their rooms. Food service Nursing facilities provide all meals and snacks Many facilities offer various meal plans to cater to different taste and dietary requirements Safety The elderly are frequently targets of physical, emotional and financial abuse. Living in a nursing home facility offers seniors a protected environment to help insulate them from possible abuse and danger Nursing homes offer greater levels of security and protection than seniors who are living alone or un-supervised Access to resources While living in a nursing home, residents can enjoy easy access to whatever resources they might need a) The nursing home staff will help residents find the information they need quickly and efficiently. Specialized health care Skilled nursing facilities are staffed by registered nurses and they have the ability to provide proper care to seniors with serious health conditions. How can families pay for their loved ones Nursing homes stay?[PC10] It is said on the national institute on aging website that, Its important to check with Medicare, Medicaid, and any private insurance provider you must find out their current rules about covering the costs of long-term care. You can pay for nursing home care in several ways. Medicare is for someone who needs special care, Medicare, a Federal program, will cover part of the cost in a skilled nursing home approved by Medicare. Check with Medicare for details. Medicaidis a State/Federal program that provides health benefits to some people with low incomes. Contact your county family services department to see if you qualify. Private pay is when some people pay for long-term care with their own savings for as long as possible. When that is no longer possible, they may apply for help from Medicaid. If you think you may need to apply for Medicaid at some point, make sure the nursing home youre interested in accepts Medicaid payments. Not all do. Long-term care insurance is when some people buy private long-term care insurance. It can pay part of the costs for a nursing home or other long-term care for the length of time stated in your policy. This type of insurance is sold by many different companies and benefits vary widely. Look carefully at several policies before making a choice. Conclusion[PC11]: Nursing homes are an amazing way to make sure that your loved ones are being cared for and getting the service they deserve. As I stated before, nursing homes put more emphasis on rehabilitating residents and getting them back into the community and your loved ones can feel at home. Today I talked to you about what is a nursing home, what are the benefits of a nursing home, and how could you pay for your love ones stay at the nursing home. As an employee at a nursing home your family members will  Ã‚   be very well taken care of and live a normal life as if they were in their own home.[PC12] You need at least four outside sources mentioned in the body of your speech (not just web addresses) Work Cited https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/publication/nursing-homes http://www.disable-world.com/medical/rehabilitaion/advantages.php https://medlineplus.gov/nursinghomes.html

Essay --

Pros and Cons on Medical Marijuana Medical marijuana is referred to parts of herb cannabis that is used as a form of medicine or herbal therapy. These parts contain the compounds that produce the mild altering effect that recreational users seek when smoking or ingesting the plant. Researches have shown that it is able to provide chronic pain relief. Marijuana has been used as a folk or traditional remedy for a variety of health conditions for many of years. Medical marijuana is a management tool that can reduce patient’s pain and improve quality of life, without the same serious side effects associated with use of pharmaceutical pain relievers. Proponents agree that medical marijuana can be a safe and effective treatment for the symptoms of cancer, Aids, MS, glaucoma, and other conditions. Marijuana legalization boosted the economy such as reducing marijuana prices, saving huge prison cost, and many more. Some scientist feel that more research have shown that cannabinoids is useful in treating multiple sclerosis. Marijuana may protect nerves from the kind of damage that occurs during the disease. People believe that marijuana is less toxic than many drugs that physicians prescribe every day. The primary reasons people support marijuana is because they believe marijuana is no more harmful to a person’s health than alcohol or tobacco, legalizing marijuana in more states would end certain criminal behavior, and marijuana is one of Americas top selling agricultural products. Also, marijuana can be a rich new source of tax revenues nationwide which can help lift the U.S economy out of a recession and money would be saved annually in government spending on enforcement, including for the FBI. Supporters believe ... ...to qualify for medical marijuana prescriptions, while other states accept registry ID cards from any state. In 2012, more than 740, 000 people were arrested in the United States for marijuana related offenses. Many physicians believe that marijuana is the best available treatment for some of their patients because marijuana produces no unacceptable risks to the users or the community. Medical marijuana is a valid choice for those in real need but although marijuana may serve a beneficial function for people. Medical Marijuana is a valid choice for those in real need but although marijuana may serve a beneficial function for people with certain health conditions, marijuana is not a beneficial drug for anyone who does not explicitly require it for symptoms relief. Medical marijuana can help some people but that does that make marijuana a good idea for all people.

Night of the tempest

It was approaching midnight on a warm winter night, rare in medieval England, with the moon halfway on its journey towards fullness.   Rarer still was the tempest, an approaching storm that brought howling winds, crackling light bolts and ear piercing thunder to the winter night sky.   Isadore had never seen a thunder storm in the winter.   She had only heard tell of it once, the year before her birth 23 years ago.   Each bolt of lightning combined with the moonlight that peeked through the winter clouds to reveal strange shadows lurking everywhere in the darkness around every corner, behind each tree, jumping suddenly from under each large rock. Isadore was approaching her uncle’s home, a large, frightening and imposing structure in appearance with high arches, several towers and a ghastly allure.   She wanted nothing more than to be snug, warm and comfortable under the covers of a nice, soft bed.   Despite its outward appearance, Isadore had heard that inside, the house was actually quite warm, inviting and comfortable.   It was not the dà ©cor, but the atmosphere inside and surrounding the outside of the house that brought bewilderment and fear. Once a house of horrors, the air of past events within its walls had never gone away but hung ominously in the air like an omen of future misgivings.   They lingered inside like the fearsome shadows she now perceived outside.   During its 120 years of existence, the house had been the scene of grotesque tortures, hideous punishments and cruel, mysterious deaths.   Now, as Isadore approached the house, a chill in her soul, she had to wonder, â€Å"Was this rare, strange winter thunderstorm the foreboding of impending disaster and doom?† As Isadore approached the gated house in her coach, she could not help but wonder what the storm might signal, if anything.   Each bolt of lightning highlighted the cathedral arches and high towers of the house, and as her coach drew nearer to the gloomy exterior of the house, the tempest grew stronger, the winds howled more intensely and the air grew thicker with an atmosphere of horror and fear.   Could the inside atmosphere be any more frightening than the cold, exterior atmosphere of the winter night. Despite the strange warmth of the winter night, the sense surrounding the abode was still cold, as if the cold exited the doors of the house and poured out into the surrounding countryside.   Even in the distance, Isadore could see that the â€Å"approaching† storm was no where in the distance.   It hung over the house like a cloud of evil.   Indeed, the storm seemed to be forming there, and continued to grow in intensity over the house as Isadore's coach drew closer to the gates. Upon its arrival at the front gate, the coachman announced, â€Å"We have arrived My Lady.†Ã‚   He got down, opened the door and assisted her out of her coach.   She had no sooner stepped onto the ground when a bolt of lightning came from out of nowhere, struck a barren winter tree some few paces away and brought it tumbling towards the ground.   Now startled and quite concerned, the incident sent a chill throughout Isadore's soul, but not as much of a chill as what she saw next.   A few moments after the tree struck the ground, the door of the abode opened and there, standing in the opening was†¦a man; a frightening, hideous being. As this man stood in the archway, Isadore stared in horror.   He spoke and fortunately, his voice was as pleasant as his appearance was hideous.   It was almost mesmerizing.   Then, as the wind howled with increasing vociferousness, he approached the gate to open it.   Once he was near her, he asked for and received Isadore's bags and assisted her through the gates and into the manor. Much to her relief, the inside decor was a appealing as she had heard, but the atmosphere was anything but.   It was as if the atmosphere had stories to tell, strange and wonderful, yet frightening and macabre. When the door closed behind her, it slammed hard enough that its knocker actually sounded as if someone was at the door.   The man, merely a servant, asked Isadore to wait in the parlor while he fetched the master.   â€Å"I will take your bags to your room, My Lady, if that meets with your approval, and fetch the master.† â€Å"Thank you, that suits me fine.†Ã‚   Then he left.   Only an instant after he left, Isadore thought she noticed movement out of the corner of her eye.   When she looked up, she saw the hem of a dress disappearing through the crack of a closing door.   Perhaps that is what it was, for as she stood there watching, the crack remained and the door never closed. Less than five minutes later, her uncle, the master, arrived, a young, handsome man perhaps in his early 30s, and greeted Isadore warmly.   After a few moments of introductions and pleasantries, Isadore asked about the woman in the dress. Looking puzzled, the Master remarked, â€Å"The woman in the dress?   I don't understand.   We are quite alone, just you, me and the servant you saw.   Otherwise, the house is empty†¦except perhaps†¦.†Ã‚   He stopped there and said nothing more, so Isadore asked, â€Å"Except perhaps what?† â€Å"Oh, nothing.   I†¦I guess I was about to say except perhaps the howling wind outside.   It's no concern.   My servant will take you to your chamber.† â€Å"Dear sir, I wonder†¦I don't mean anything by this, but would you mind accompanying me yourself?   Your servant sends chills up my spine.   I'm sure he is a nice enough person.   His voice is absolutely mesmerizing, but otherwise, he is quite frightening.† The master laughed and said, â€Å"Oh yes, I guess I understand.   I've heard that comment before.   Just give me a moment or two and I will accommodate you.   Tomorrow others like you will arrive and there will be more servants as well.   If you see anything in the meantime it’s†¦it’s just your imagination playing tricks on you.† Isadore thought to herself, â€Å"What a strange comment.   Why would he make such a comment?   I was already frightened enough while outside.   Was there something to fear within as well?†   

A well documented case study Subject has a diagnosis of Alcohol Abuse, Cannabis Abuse, Schizophrenia, Paranoid Type, Schizotypal Personality Disorder, Borderline Personality Disorder

A well documented case study Subject has a diagnosis of Alcohol Abuse, Cannabis Abuse, Schizophrenia, Paranoid Type, Schizotypal Personality Disorder, Borderline Personality Disorder Subject Name: Doe, JaneJane Doe is a stated twenty two year old female. She has a history of reoccurring problems on the work site and at home. Most recently, Jane experienced a "psychotic" episode at work and was hospitalized for two weeks during which time she received treatment geared at stabilization of the acute episode. Little is known about Jane?s family history and she has had no prior hospitalizations. Information available comes from her current therapist, hospital reports, and coworkers. Jane also has presented some information though the credibility of her reports is questionable.Physical PresentationThe client I am presented with is a woman who looks obviously much younger than her stated age. She is estimated as being within the above average range of intelligence. Her attire was extremely provocative and she was heavily made-up. She was demonstrating childlike mannerisms and speech. Ms. Doe carried only a large backpack that she described as her "safe".This flow diagra m illustrates the development of B...She reports carrying all her important papers and items with her at all times "in case someone needs to know something about me". Her speech was extremely rapid and slightly pressured. She constantly fidgeted in the chair, dominating the conversation with drawn out explanations of her own history, behaviors, and problems.Cognitive PresentationThought processes were organized and non-delusional with some bizarre paranoid and compulsive features. She did not appear to be experiencing the effects of any substances at the time of this interview. Ms. Doe admitted to frequent use of alcohol and marijuana, which she uses to make herself "feel better, and forget about things" but denies dependency to either substance.Emotional PresentationClient?s mood at the time of this observation was somewhat elevated and anxious. She admitted to a history of attempted suicides and violent episodes but denied current suicidal ideation.

Free Essays on Zap

Zap and the Electric Vehicle Industry I. In 1994 James McGreen and Gary Starr founded ZAP Power Systems in Sebastopol California. ZAP, short for Zero Air Pollution designs manufactures and markets electric bicycles, scooters, and other short distance electric vehicles. The company became an instant hit when Kevin Spacey an Oscar award winning actor came on the Letterman Show in 2000 riding on an electric scooter. Shortly after, ZAP electric scooters and powered bicycles were in great demand. In 1996 ZAP began selling its electrically powered bikes by means of auto dealerships and catalogs. Soon after, ZAP became the first company in hitory to sell its stock directly to the public via the internet. Between 1997 and 2000 ZAP was involved in an assortment of contract negotiations and deals that would ultimately help aid their products’ exposure throughout the United States, China, and Europe. The road ahead seemed promising for ZAP, sales of EVs were expected to grow throughout a wide range of demographics. Aging baby boomers were able to go outside once again and function as they once did. Senior Citizens were aided by the electric powered vehicles with all sorts of daily activities. Police officers on patrol found they could respond more quickly with the EVs than the bicycle pedaling method. With global environmental issues, higher oil prices, transportation pressures and urban traffic congestion, the EVs demand will be expected to increase. II. By 2000 competition in the EV market had increased dramatically. Companies like Trek, Schwinn, and Murray that had a thriving non powered bicycle market began to offer electric powered bikes to consumers. Motor companies like Ford and Mercedes were beginning to take a chunk out of the market as well. The California electric power crisis in 2000 and 2001 unfortunately added a sense of uncertainty in the minds of consumers. A source of power that had been taken for granted ... Free Essays on Zap Free Essays on Zap Zap and the Electric Vehicle Industry I. In 1994 James McGreen and Gary Starr founded ZAP Power Systems in Sebastopol California. ZAP, short for Zero Air Pollution designs manufactures and markets electric bicycles, scooters, and other short distance electric vehicles. The company became an instant hit when Kevin Spacey an Oscar award winning actor came on the Letterman Show in 2000 riding on an electric scooter. Shortly after, ZAP electric scooters and powered bicycles were in great demand. In 1996 ZAP began selling its electrically powered bikes by means of auto dealerships and catalogs. Soon after, ZAP became the first company in hitory to sell its stock directly to the public via the internet. Between 1997 and 2000 ZAP was involved in an assortment of contract negotiations and deals that would ultimately help aid their products’ exposure throughout the United States, China, and Europe. The road ahead seemed promising for ZAP, sales of EVs were expected to grow throughout a wide range of demographics. Aging baby boomers were able to go outside once again and function as they once did. Senior Citizens were aided by the electric powered vehicles with all sorts of daily activities. Police officers on patrol found they could respond more quickly with the EVs than the bicycle pedaling method. With global environmental issues, higher oil prices, transportation pressures and urban traffic congestion, the EVs demand will be expected to increase. II. By 2000 competition in the EV market had increased dramatically. Companies like Trek, Schwinn, and Murray that had a thriving non powered bicycle market began to offer electric powered bikes to consumers. Motor companies like Ford and Mercedes were beginning to take a chunk out of the market as well. The California electric power crisis in 2000 and 2001 unfortunately added a sense of uncertainty in the minds of consumers. A source of power that had been taken for granted ...

Anya Kamenetz Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Anya Kamenetz - Essay Example llow the mindless way of operations we have practiced so far, however most significantly the book focuses on the â€Å"power of education† along with the rising arrears outrageously brought by the concept of â€Å"job-security† that comes with lower wages and the national programs existing in order to â€Å"help us† that actually aids the process of ripping the nation apart. The author states that to deal with the educational debt issue it is necessary on the end of the young generation to take active measures against the political system of the nation, as can be traced in the quote, â€Å"Young people urgently need a strong national generational movement†. The author puts stress on the situation that the educational institutes of the modern era moving out of reach of common people. In this regard the undergraduates of the Yale University went on a weeklong protest after which the University declared that it would not ask for any tuition fees from the kids belonging to the families making lesser than $45000 annually. The author puts forth the several reasons supporting why the involvement of the students in the nation’s politics is necessary. She felt that the young generation lacks any political guarantee and the generation have been experiencing risk by getting stuck to the cycle of availing loan for higher studies and then spending their whole life in a small job that helps them to pay-off the loan money in parts. Until and unless the students step out of this cycle, they will never be able to set higher career ambitions. The author states two solutions two these issues, which are- Now staying within the means can be practiced alone but fighting for the proper allocation of resources can take place in a united way. The stated incident of Yale proves that, â€Å"without a uniï ¬ ed voice, individual protests can make only small ripples†. The chapter further states that in order to lower the student debt, Pell Grant must be enhanced. The author further puts stress on

Issues in child development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Issues in child development - Essay Example Every childs development is judged by their intellectual function, their inventiveness, their ego strength, their relatedness to their peers and adults, and capacity to deal with new events that come across their like each day in their social life. Depression may be simply defined as a state of sadness. Many may feel depressed for a short time when things do not go their way, but when this feeling persists and interferes with daily activity a doctor may diagnose an individual with clinical depression and order medication. Genetic predisposition, personal problems, and seasonal hormonal changes are some of the many things that may trigger depression. A depressed individual may encounter feelings of despair and sadness, constant fatigue, constant headaches, among other things. If left untreated, depression may lead to suicide. (Mood Disorders, 2003) Most mothers aspire to provide a nurturing environment for their children. Depressed mothers generally want the best for their children, but their illness prevents them from achieving this goal. Depressed mothers have a much different opinion of themselves as mothers and of their childrens behaviour. They may see themselves as inadequate and think that they have little control over their childs development and they may perceive many aspects of their childs normal behaviour in a negative light. (Gurian, 2003) Many report feeling overwhelmed at the responsibilities of raising a child. Under so much stress, depressed mothers will face the normal frustrations of raising children much differently than normal mothers would. In many cases, the mother may criticize the child to the point of insulting him. Verbal abuse has been linked to lack of self esteem in children, especially when done at a young age. Some depressed mother will go even further and react violently to her childs petty